|
''Polyphonie X'' is a composition by Pierre Boulez for eighteen instruments divided into seven groups, written in 1950–51. It is in three movements. It is one of the first works of Boulez's total serial period. It was composed shortly after "Structure 1a", the opening of the piano duo ''Structures I'' (; ), the movement the composer would later describe as an experiment with "an expressive nadir" . The première of ''Polyphonie X'' on 6 October 1951 during the Donaueschingen Festival caused a scandal, with one half of the audience shouting and imitating animal noises, while the other half responded with applause and bravos . The title is often misinterpreted as having algebraic significance; in fact, the ''X'' is intended as a purely graphical symbol, implying the crossing of musical parameters which takes place in the score . ''Polyphonie X'' has only been performed twice, and only once in its entirety; after hearing a recording of the première Boulez immediately withdrew the work because he felt it suffered from "theoretical exaggeration" , intending eventually to subject it to a thoroughgoing revision . As of 2013 this has not happened, and the piece remains unpublished. Two recordings exist; one of the première by the Southwest German Radio Symphony Orchestra conducted by Hans Rosbaud, another of a performance (of the first movement only) in Naples on 11 June 1953 by the symphony orchestra of the RAI conducted by Bruno Maderna. ==References== *Boulez, Pierre (1986). "The System Exposed". In ''Orientations: Collected Writings by Pierre Boulez'', edited by Jean-Jacques Nattiez, translated by Martin Cooper, 129–42. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-64375-5. * * translated by Susan Bradshaw. * 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Polyphonie X」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|